Perspectives Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Perspectives - interrogation Paper ExampleIt might be of some interest to note that that not only sort but also learning was not given much importance by early daytime psychologists. Possibly they concluded that behavior was something that could neither be quantified nor categorized and thus did not merit each special investigation. However, at the beginning of twentieth century some psychologists felt that behavior indeed identifies a man and makes him stand out in his interactions with fellow humans and therefore can very easy be considered as an outward manifestation of an individuals psychological constitution. Though, they did agree that it cannot quantified and thus cannot be measured or compared in absolute terms. gum olibanum, a small band of psychologists took it upon themselves to study behavior in intricate detail while the majority continued to stick to the earlier stance of not braggart(a) behavior that much importance. In this paper the perspectives of Watson, Sk inner and Tolman are compared and contrasted and an attempt has been made to relate their perspectives to unexampled day approach to psychological science as a separate discipline. John B. Watson Watson is widely believed to be the catch of the term behaviorism and is credited with the introduction, or should we say, infiltration of this term in mainstream psychology. Watson also took a clear adamant stand in the age old nature versus nurture debate in that he believed that nurture, which is, how a person is brought up and his experiences since childhood, plays a distinct role in shaping his approach and military position and nature has very little role to play in such formation. As a create of his contention, he conducted the famous experiment of white rat and how fear got instilled in the psyche of Little Albert when a loud frightening sound accompanied every time the rat was shown to the child. As a farther proof of his contention, in a slightly changed scenario, he showed t he white rat to the child who was struck with a steel obstacle a little while after he detect the white rat. Thus fear acquired two connotations to Albert, one is the sight of the white rat and the other was the sound of his crying as he was struck by a steel bar. By this combined exposure to conditioned remark of the white rat and unconditioned stimulus of getting struck by a steel bar Albert was conditioned to be perpetually afraid of white rat. Watson reasoned that fears that are conditioned remain with a person and modify his behavior for the rest of his life (Leary, 2004). By the end of the first decade of 20th century Watson published his classical treatise Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It where he made a tersely woven logical case for behavior to be considered as an integral part of psychological analysis. He started his argument with the assumption that was never doubted or challenged by any scholar that psychology is a scientific discipline on its own merit. As psy chology is a separate science it needs to be based on empirical data that could be independently verified through experiments. Facts that are observed during experiments are by definition observable and could be codified. The only publicly observable aspect of psychology is behavior and not consciousness that can neither be observed nor codified. Therefore, the most popular order at that time of studying consciousness, that is, introspection cannot be termed as a scientific