Carl Jung’s Theory concerning Personality Types Essay

This essay bequeath give an introduction to Carl Jung and what started his research, the essay will discuss Carls Jungs temperament roles and their characteristics and will to a fault discuss the Myers Briggs type indicator. The essay will also discuss falsification of type as well as what Carl Jung believed to be the cure for falsification of type. Criticisms of reputation type and MBTI will also be discussed and in conclusion this essay will discuss how we tidy sum use spirit types and MBTI within our own work.Carl Jung & The Beginning of nature TheoryCarl Gustav Jung was born in Switzerland in 1875. His first choice of study was archaeology but he went to study medicine at the University of sweet basil and while working for the neurologist Krafft Ebing he settled on psychiatry. After graduating he took a pose at the Burghoeltzli Mental Hospital, he also taught classes at the university in Zurich, had a private practice and invented invent association. In 1907 Carl Jung m et Freud in Vienna where the dickens are meant to conduct spent thirteen hours talking their association started off strong with Jung championing many Freudian ideas but over time their friendship began to deteriorate. Jung felt that Freud centre too much on sexuality and that Freuds concept of the unconscious was too terminus ad quemed and negative. The ex officio break up communicateed when Jung resigned from the international psychoanalytic congress. Then in 1913 Carl Jung had a dream, he dreamt that there was a monstrous flood engulfing Europe and lapping at the mountains of Switzerland. He saw thousands of mickle drowning and civilization crumbling. In the following weeks he continued to have disturbing dreams in which he dreamt of eternal winters and rivers of blood. Carl Jung thought he was becoming psychotic but on the 1st August WWI began and Jung felt there had been a partnership between himself and the rest of humanity, thus began Jungs painful journey of self-exp loration which formed the basis for his openings.Personality Theory Attitudes & FunctionsCarl Jung determined that pot act and react to stimulus and spotlights differently. He classified citizenry into two different groups, depending onhow they behaved. Jung c alled these two different groups attitudes and classified deal as either extraverts or introverts Extraverts stack who are extraverts are better able to quite a little with external stimulus such as people and objects. They search for things outside themselves to do fulfil them Introverts throng who are introverts are better able to mickle with internal stimulus and look inside themselves for fulfilment. In addition to the two attitudes Jung further classified people into four functions types Sensory and Intuitive which refers to our preferred commission of collecting nurture and Thinking and feeling which refers to the guidance we hold back decisions. Sensory People who are much sensory pourboire to like specific answers and deal in facts and figures Intuitive People who are more intuitive list to prefer to gather information through ideas and theories.Thinking People who are thinkers bunk to prefer to make decisions based on scientific fact and concrete truths. Feeling People who make decisions on their feelings, trust in their emotions and sensitivities. The four functions and two attitudes made up Carl Jungs original personality types it was later expanded on and two more functions where added which deal with the way people live their lives these are judgers and perceivers Judges Prefer to live in an tidy way and prefer structure and organisation. Perceivers Prefer to live more spontaneously and are more accommodateive.The theory was then used by Katharine Cook Brigg and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers who after studying Carl Jungs work extensively turned the theory of psychological types to a realistic use. They created the Myer Briggs indicator believing that knowle dge of personality types would help woman during WWII who were entering the work place for the first time by identifying which jobs would be more genial and effective for them. MBTI focuses on a normal population and emphasizes the value of course occurring differences. The two attitudes and six functions types make up for sixteen different combinations which provides detailed characteristics and help us determine which of the types we belong to , all(prenominal) of us has a dominate function with the other three being less dominate. The combinations and both(prenominal) of the characteristics are as follows. ISTJPeople who jeer in this family line tend to be quiet, serious and earn success bythoroughness and dependability. They value traditions and loyalty.ISFJPeople who fit in this category tend to be quiet, friendly, responsible, and conscientious. They strive to create an cracking and harmonious environment at work and at home.INFJPeople who fit in this category tend to se ek meaning and connection in ideas, relationships, and material possessions. They want to understand what motivates people and are insightful about others.INTJPeople who fit in this category tend to have original minds and great poking for implementing their ideas and achieving their goals. They after part be sceptical and independent.ISTPPeople who fit in this category tend to be handsome and flexible they are quiet observers until a problem appears, then act quickly to find operable solutions to the problems that whitethorn arise.ISFPPeople who fit in this category tend to be quiet, friendly and sensitive. They like to have their own space and to work within their own time frame.INFPPeople who fit in this category tend to be idealistic and are loyal to their values and to people who are important to them.INTPPeople who fit in this category tend to seek to develop logical explanations for e reallything that interests them. Theoretical and abstract, they are implicated more in ideas than in social interaction.ESTPPeople who fit in this category tend to be flexible and tolerant they take a pragmatic cash advance and are focused on flying results.ESFPPeople who fit in this category tend to be outgoing, friendly, and accepting. They are lovers of brio, people, and material comforts.ENFPPeople who fit in this category tend to be enthusiastic and imaginative. They are spontaneous and flexible and often entrust on their ability to improvise and or their language skills.ENTPPeople who fit in this category tend to be quick, clever and outspoken. They are good at reading other people and tush soft become bored by routine.ESTJPeople who fit in this category tend to be practical and realistic. They act decisively and move quickly to implement decisions.ESFJPeople who fit in this category tend to be warm hearted. They want harmony in their environment and work hard to establish and control it.ENFJPeople who fit in this category tend to be warm, empathetic and r esponsible. They are highly attuned to the emotions and demand of others.ENTJPeople who fit in this category tend to be blunt and decisive they assume lead readily. They are usually well informed and well read. Jung noted that it is not possible to use the attitudes of extraversion and Introversion and the Judging and Perceiving functions independently of each other. People who prefer Extraversion will most in all probability focus their Perception and Judgment in the outer world while people preferring the Introverted attitude, when comp matchlessnt part permit, will concentrate Perception and Judgment on ideas.Falsification of exampleIn our lives we are not always able to work or live in a way that appeals to our strengths. This can happen for a variety of reasons either we are brought up in environments that are unsuitable to our personality types and we adapt to suit the situation or we may be financially unable to follow a rush path that would be best suited to our person ality type. A person may also be unaware of their strengths and may just have a feeling that they are not living the life they were meant to. Carl Jung believed that if we do not live or work in a way that best suites our personality type then we could develop a falsification of type. This occurs when we are forced to use our less dominate functions for long periods of time. Carl Jung believed that falsification of type could lead to many psychological problems.Carl Jung described Falsification of Type as a violation of the graphic disposition, and explained that whenever Falsification of Type takes place a person first becomes zealous and irritable and then if the condition continues a person becomes neurotic. Jung strongly believed that if there was a reversal of type it could be very harmful to the physiologicalwell-being of a person and could often lead to an abrupt state of exhaustion. Research has been done which supports Jungs theory and according to the research of Dr. Richard Haier of San Diego, when an individual is functioning from a style other than their natural lead style, the brain is forced to expend large amounts of energy assay to maintain the unnatural functions. The result is that the brain and brain-body system experience stress, chronic anxiety and exhaustion. Dr. Arlene Taylor worked with people deplorable with PTSD and depression over an 11 year period and found that people living in a state of prolonged adaption appeared to display specific symptoms. There are eight unremarkably seen symptoms in people who appear to be suffering with a falsification of type theses are1) Fatigue draw out adaption can require the brain to work up to 100 times harder.2) Hyper vigilance Prolonged adaption can create a state of hyper-vigilance as the brain goes on protective alertness. This is a safety implement and can show up in a variety of different ways 3) Immune ashes alteration Falsifying Type can be thought of as the individual living a lie at some level. Lying can suppress immune system 4) Memory deterioration Cortisol, which is released under stress, can intervene with memory functions. 5) Altered brain chemistry Prolonged adaption can interfere with hypothalamus and pituitary functions, which can interfere with hormonal balance. 6) Diminished frontal lobe functions Prolonged adaption is a significant stressor, which can interfere with functions typically associated with the frontal lobes of the cerebrum.7) Discouragement, fatigue and or depression Prolonged adaption can lead to the recurrent triggering of the conserve/withdraw reaction to stress. This can be especially true for introverted people although it is commonly observed in extroverted types who have been conditioned to introversion. This is far more common than most people (even researchers) believe. Discouragement tends to increase as fatigue increases, which often contributes to the development of depression8) egotism problems .Any or all o f the other symptoms can be contributed to diminished overall success in life, which directly affect self-esteem. Self-esteem issues can present as lack of confidence or lack of commitment to improving ones outcomes Jung believed that the only way to cure falsification of type is to develop the functions and attitudes that people are naturally disposed towards. This is a long process where the sufferer will have to first identify their natural leanings and then work towards changing things within their lives so that their work, family and social lives are in balance with their natural strengths and attitudes.Criticisms of Personality Types & MBTIOne of the main criticisms of personality types and the resulting MBTI is that it because it deals with the mind which is abstract it cannot be scientifically proven and that some of the personality types could be made to fit anyone as the use of the language and terms can be ambiguous. The MBTI also relies on a person answering questions ab out themselves and people may not be completely honest when answering those questions either because they are unaware of how they would react within a situation or that their perception of themselves is distorted. The way in which the questions are asked is also not specific so people may not know if the question is referring to the way they would react at work or the way they would react at home with friends and family. The MBTI also fails the double blind canvas in which participants do a test but are given a test done by someone else and asked if it fits them. approximately of the participants find a way to make the results fit. One of the other arguments is that while it can be very useful in self-understanding it can also be used either intentionally or accidentally to pigeonhole people. People are complex and fitting everyone into just sixteen different categories can limit peoples understanding of each other and themselves. It also could be used as an excuse for bad or ine fficient behaviour.ConclusionPersonality Types and the MBTI is still widely used today, the MBTI is used in companys both big and small to understand and motivate staff and as a tool for anxiety training. Personality Types and MBTI are also still usedby therapists to understand their nodes, as well as giving the therapist an idea of which therapeutic tools are best suited for each individual client. It can be used either by allowing the client to do a MBTI test that the therapist has acquired from a reputable source (not just a downloaded from the internet) or the therapist can lead a client through a process which will enable the therapist to discern which characteristics the client may lean towards. It is worth saying that an inexperienced therapist may face problems in laborious to discern a clients personality leanings without using a test or egg questions as it takes training and experience to be able to read a client effectively.Despite its critics personality types can be used as one of the tools a therapist can utilise to assist them in the treatment of clients as long as the therapist is aware of the potential problems with using the personality type or a MBTI test , such as pigeonholing a client into a specific category or allowing the client to use their personality type as an excuse or a crutch. Using the theory in balance with other treatments and being aware of some of the problems that may arise from using the personality types or a MBTI test can allow the therapist to approach the treatment of a client in a well-rounded and balanced way that is both upright and productive.Referenceshttp//mbtitoday.org/carl-jung-psychological-type/Author & publish date unknown MBTI type todayhttp//www.cognitiveprocesses.com/Linda V. Berens and Dario Nardi, Understanding Yourself and Others An Introduction to the Personality Type Codehttp//webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/jung.htmlC. George Boeree Copyright 1997, 2006http//www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-typ e/mbti-basics/the-16-mbti-types.asp Isabel Briggs Myers, Gifts Differinghttps//coremap.com/index.php/books-and-articles/38-personality/124-falsification-of-type.html Written by Sherry BuffingtonMonday, 14 May 2012 1028Jessica PhillipsHUDDE2A 13Jackie bockCarl Jung Personality Types & MBTI